Against "Equipping and Empowering"
While working and living at Shawshank, Andy Dufresne had a supervisor named Samuel Norton. Samuel was very deft at utilizing Andy’s accounting skills and intelligence. He empowered Andy to manage his and other supervisors’ taxes. He empowered Andy to tend to the company library. He equipped Andy with paper and postage and empowered him to write to the state legislature to request more money for the library—which was eventually granted. He empowered and equipped Andy to help his co-worker, Tommy, pass the GED. Samuel even saw Andy beyond his brain and equipped him with tools and a team to re-tar a roof. Andy did so well in his work that Norton approved some beers to be given to Andy and his team. Perhaps one of the most remarkable decisions was that Samuel Norton empowered and equipped Andy to have full access to the entire organization’s financials. Andy was so good at this work that he was able to move the organization’s money around so that Samuel Norton had more funds to use at his discretion.
Samuel Norton was not always one to equip or empower Andy, to be sure. He often overlooked Andy, punished him for insubordination, and revoked privileges when Andy abused them. Samuel Norton was the leader of the organization and had other responsibilities that Andy did not know or understand. Andy would often ask for days off, but Samuel Norton could not allow it. A few times, Andy would even appeal to the board, only to be turned down each time. Andy saw other co-workers “get out” of the system, but it did not always work out well for them. Andy was heartbroken when he learned that his friend and mentor at the library, Brooks, died by suicide after he left the organization run by Samuel Norton.
In case it was not mentioned, Samuel Norton was the Shawshank Prison warden. Andy and his friends, including Brooks, Tommy, the rooftop team, and his most faithful friend Red (played by Morgan Freeman), were all inmates.
In the United Methodist Church, and perhaps elsewhere, there is an idea that leaders should “equip and empower” others. It is so common in our lexicon that in many ways it is either taken as gospel or a thought-terminating cliché.
“Equipping and empowering” has the stickiness of alliteration, but that does not mean it is necessarily faithful to what church leadership modeled on Jesus should prioritize. Equipping and empowering might sound like they are ways to upset the status quo, but rather they are often used to maintain the status quo.
“It is not that equipping and empowering others is too radical, but rather that it is not radical enough.”
Often, in the hands of human beings, equipping and empowering are extractive practices. We equip those who are going to do work for the organization and are disappointed when the tools we provide them are taken elsewhere. The assumed goal of equipping and empowering is to help the other produce something. We empower those who are aligned with the leader(s), not those who challenge the leader(s). The leader decides who is worth equipping and empowering, thus organizational power remains in the hands of the leadership.
Scripture highlights that the work of equipping and empowering is best done when it is the role of the Holy Spirit. One of the most apparent examples of the Holy Spirit equipping and empowering is found in the story of Pentecost. In Acts 2 we read the disciples are equipped with new communication skills and empowered to leave their place of hiding.
The Holy Spirit equips us with the teachings of Jesus (John 14). The Holy Spirit equips the body with different gifts (1 Corinthians 12). The Holy Spirit equips us with different “fruits” (Galatians 5). The Holy Spirit is remarkable at equipping us with what we need when it is needed. The Holy Spirit also empowers us. It was the Holy Spirit that empowered the disciples to preach (Acts 4). It is the Holy Spirit that empowers the follower to worship (Ephesians 5). The Holy Spirit empowers us to enter places that require courage to go (Acts 16). It really is remarkable when the Spirit does her work, because she is tasked with equipping and empowering.
Leaders who prioritize equipping and empowering risk pushing the Holy Spirit out of the office. The only power that the leader has is a gift from the Holy Spirit. It is the Spirit that gives power, not the leader. And the Spirit is often located with the marginalized. This is why most church leaders know that the power of the congregation comes not from the pastor but from the body found in the pews. It is ironic to hear church members say things like “this is my church” but operate as though the pastor is the royal ruler. Laity know how much power they have and become hesitant to use it, which is why laity end up asking the pastor if they can do things so that there is a buffer in the event things go sideways - people can ask the pastor why the “let” this happen.
Leaders who focus on equipping may also overlook that what we think would be good equipping is often not for the work of God. David was not equipped by his family to be a leader (1 Samuel 16:11-13). Esther was not equipped to be queen (Esther 4:10-14). Moses could not talk good (Exodus 4:10). Isaiah had unclean lips (Isaiah 6:5). Paul did not even think he deserved to be called an apostle (1 Corinthians 15:9). All of these people would have been considered underequipped for their calling. Often the one who is being called is “under-equipped” but is overly called.
It is also common that leaders who prioritize empowering and equipping do not themselves have to undergo change or transformation. The change is expected in the one being equipped and empowered. Jesus Christ asks us to be transformed by taking up the cross, why do we elevate an approach that expects others to change around the leader? Samuel Norton did not change in any way regardless of who he equipped or empowered. He was still the same person who held all the keys and ensured order was upheld.
It is not that equipping and empowering are not good but they are often insufficient. Prioritizing equipping and empowering associates sin as a symptom of being human, not a condition. If the leader could just provide the right resources and tools, then the follower could change. If a follower could just be given the permission or power to do something, they would. It assumes sin as a symptom that can be treated with some combination of equipment and empowerment. Prioritizing equipping and empowering fails to account for the times when one is equipped and empowered but still does not or cannot act. Paul was equipped and empowered, and yet it was Paul who also wrote in Romans 7:
“I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate. Now if I do what I do not want, I agree that the law is good. But in fact, it is no longer I that do it, but sin that dwells within me. For I know that nothing good dwells within me, that is, in my flesh. I can will what is right, but I cannot do it. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I do. Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I that do it, but sin that dwells within me.”
Even with the tools and the power, our condition keeps us from doing even what we say we want to do. Unlike a symptom, sin is like being in prison—it holds us captive. We can have all the power and tools we desire, but if we are still kept in the shackles of sin, we remain imprisoned.
Norton equipped and empowered Andy in many ways, but in the end, Andy, and all of his friends, were still in prison. No amount of equipping or empowering could change that. Norton could use the tools of equipping and empowering for the sake of maintaining the status quo, protecting the institution, and demanding very little change from the leader himself.
It is not that equipping and empowering others is too radical, but rather that it is not radical enough.
If church leaders no longer prioritize equipping and empowering, what alternate priority would be aligned with the Gospel of Christ? The next post will offer an alternative.
250 Things a Pastor Should Know
Architect Michael Sorkin published “250 Things an Architect Should Know” in the book What Goes Up (2018). After his death in 2020, the “250 Things” list was published under its own title.
I have had a fascination with this list since I first encountered it. I am like other people and people like lists. There is enjoyment in arguing what should or should not be on the list. I also love that 250 sounds like it should be exhaustive, but it is not. But perhaps the most significant reason I am enchanted with this list is because of the risk. Anyone who makes a list is exposed to the world, not from what is on the list but what is lacking from the list.
No list is ever comprehensive to be sure, and the wisdom of the desert and monastic traditions knew this also.
Throughout the early teachings of the Christian church, there are lists. Just consider the first book of the Philokalia lists have titles such as:
On Prayer: 153 Texts (Evagrios the Solitary)
On the Spiritual Law: 200 Texts (St. Mark th Ascetic)
For the Encouragement of the Monks in India who had written him: 100 Texts (St. John of Karpathos)
On May 15, 2020, in the spirit of Michael Sorkin, I began to create a list of 250 Things a Pastor Should Know. Then on April 6, 2022 I asked a few clergy women to help add to this list. When we could, we attempted to create a clergy parallel to the original list. For instance, the first item on the Sorkin list is “The feel of cool marble under bare feet.” The first on the clergy list? “The feel of washing bare feet.”
And so, after years of working, then forgetting, then getting stumped, then forgetting, and then adding to it, I am delighted to share “250 Things a Pastor Should Know”.
The feel of washing bare feet
How to live with people you do not like
How to live with people who do not like you
Candle maintenance
The length of time before 1/2 of the congregation's butt is numb from sitting
The distance of silence
Everything possible about desert spirituality (try not to see it as navel gazing)
The number of people who can comfortably fit in a sanctuary
In a hospital room
The best time to place a flower order
The beauty of stained glass
The stories it contains
And their meaning
How to bake bread
What Amos really meant by 'mercy not sacrifice."
The rate that membership is declining
Spiritual formation practices
How to unclog a toilet
How to read financial statements
A prayer a six year old could pray
and memorize it
The energy of a congregation compared to the energy of a mob
How to repent
How to lament
How to be silent
The Rublev icon
How many youth a large pizza can feed
How to change carpet colors in a sanctuary
How to discern the holy Spirit from indigestion
The patterns of the liturgical calendar
Remember that you are dust and to dust you will return
Conventional wisdom
Unconventional wisdom
Walking labyrinths in and out
Something about other faith traditions
How weird Christianity is
Basic prayer practices
The Triquetra
What a congregation wants
What a congregation thinks it wants
What a congregation needs
What a congregation needs to do
What the world needs the congregation to be
A working theology and a great deal of compassion and mercy
The difference between equality, equity, and justice
Another language
What the Holy Spirit really wants
The difference between divine protection and support
What problems the Jerusalem council addressed
What problems the Nicene council addressed
The downfall of a religious leader due to ethical failures
Where the camera angle is best for worship
Why Jesus really was killed, died and resurrected
How people lived in ancient Rome
The best structure to a meeting
How to determine how much bread and wine is needed
How to delegate
Didache
Abba Anthony
Amma Syncletica
The secrets of the faithfulness of Abba Moses
How heaven is built
The reciprocal influences of eastern and western Christianity
The cycle of grace and the cycle of grief
How to structure a sermon
Feeling of failing at a sermon
What its like to walk down the Via Dolorosa
Repent
The proper proportions of laugh and lament
Stand and awe
Hillel the Elder, et cetera.
How the dove descends
The difference between the Kingdom of God and a nation
How the temple was built
Why
The pleasures of the local church
The horrors
The quality of light passing through baptismal waters
The meaninglessness found in Ecclesiastes
The reason the teacher says it
The creativity of the prophet
The need for fools
Blessed are the flexible for they are never bent out of shape.
It is possible to worship God anywhere
The smell of incense
The cathedral found in the stone
How to pray out loud in front of people
How to pray silently in a crowd
The slop of backsliding and repentance
The wages of nursery workers
Recognizing the choir and musicians
Constructing a sermon orally, with shorter sentences than used in writing
The taste of Hawaiian bread at communion
Children's Time/Sermon
Sprinkle, Pour and submerge techniques
Sermon Prep
Patterns of how anxiety manifests
What human differences are worth defending
Sermon prep is a patient search
The debate between Wesley and Calvin
The reasons order is the least considered component of the Order of Elder
What is the kingdom of God
The organization of the tribes of Judah
Age of Father, Age of Son, Age of the Spirit
Understanding derivatives in languages
Safe Sanctuaries/Ministry Safe
The value of celebrating All Saints Day
The impact of colonialism on our understanding of mission
A distaste for proselytism
Church history
Attending a pilgrimage
Leading a pilgrimage
Historical, Wisdom and Prophetic books of the OT
Gospels, Epistles and Apocalyptic books of the NT
How to build support structures
How the Bible came to be
How to pronounce the name of the couple
How to pronounce the name of the deceased
Non-dominant hermeneutics
The fire code
The alarm code
Where all the extra wheelchairs and walkers are stored
The Reformers, throughout the church and theology
How to listen deeply
The danger of proclaiming one expression of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. The narrow expression of the Good News will be broken by circumstances that demand a broader expression.
An anointed corpse
Water, wine, bread
Welch's Grape Juice
Trappist beer
How to walk a labyrinth
The sign of the cross
Fear
Finding you way around the sanctuary, community, weddings, funerals, hospitals, ecumenical groups, marches, sacred sites, graveyards, city council, civic groups, youth events
The proper way to behave with congregation members
Shelby, Tithe.ly, FellowshipOne, whatever.
History of "how thing have always been done."
When to buy Fair Trade
Three lunch spots where church members won't find you and three where they can
The value of human life.
Who prays
Power of generosity
The Macbeth Effect
How people see
The difference between boundaries and barriers
The footnotes in the bible
How to understand process.
When to close your mouth
Full frontal hugs or just hugs
What funeral homes are the best to work with
Community demographics
The density needed to support a new worship service
The effect of design on people's feeling, emotions and mood
Thomas Cranmer and Ruth Duck
Girolamo Savonarola, Martin Luther, John Donne, George Whitefield, Charles Spurgeon, and Billy Graham
Theology, in and out
Augustine.
What to do when a homeless person sleeps on the church porch
Identifying the voiceless and giving them the microphone
Use of screens
An object lesson involving Mentos and Diet Coke
How to create a parable
How to create a metaphor
How to create a story
How to create a myth
How to create a ritual
How to know the difference between them all.
The importance of Amazon
How to do what needs to be done
Learning to say "no" to all the things people think you should be doing
The necessity of a Sunday afternoon nap
The view from the Mount of Olives
The way to the golden mean
Seven Deadly Sins
Where to eat during Annual Conference
Know when to leave
Know how to leave
Know how to arrive
Know how to lead a small group
How to have a one on one conversation
Basics of membership software
Easter sunrise worship
Good Friday worship
Maundy Thursday worship
Holy Saturday prayer vigil
The joys and frustrations of a community garden
Liberation.
Sabbatical
Dark Night of the Soul
Systematics
Pastoral Care
Wonder and its sources
What was accomplished in Vatican II
In the World Council of Churches
In Calcutta.
In Taize
In "the name of Christ"
What is mine to do
Why you think ecclesiology does any good.
The fundraising cycle
Ins and Out of Ashes and Oil
Utilizing Google documents
How to hire the right people
Discerning the movement of the spirit
When to wear a mic.
How to build a house on the rock
The connection between Mysticism and Thomas Merton
The connection between Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Martin Luther King Jr.
Where the altar guild room is
How to give a short responses
There reign of God is here
The reign of God is within you
The reign of God is yet to come
Theories of theodicy
The importance of spiritual disciplines
How soon is too soon
the capacity of contemplative prayer to renew the soul
Critiques of capitalism
Liturgical norms and traditions
The difference between teaching and preaching
The atmosphere of a sacred space
How to lead a blessing
The scope of creation
The number of palms needed for Palm Sunday
The gaze of who is with you during a sermon
How and when to rock the boat.
Preaching styles
The structure of liturgical structure
The Church's response to poverty and inequality
The diverse beauty of spiritual traditions
The transformative power of the Holy Spirit
Confession: offering and receiving
Forgiveness, offering and receiving
What to count
How to count it
Ethics
The brilliance of Howard Thurman
of Miguel A. De La Torre
of Dorothy Day
of James Cone
The Black Madonna
Christ the Redeemer
Who is your neighbor
The floor plan of a church building to send to the police department
Personal holiness
Social holiness
How to elegantly break bread
Why God created humanity as a bundle of desires
The folly of the cross
Ordinary time
The golden rule and other virtues
Why Jesus Loves You
In case you have not heard this Good News, Jesus loves you. We all are sinners and we all fall short of the Goodness of the transcendent God in the Holy Spirit. In fact Jesus loves you so very much that even as a sinner, even before you or I repented, Jesus was willing to die on a cross. Most people would be willing to die for a family member, some may be willing to die for a friend. Few would die for a cause. There is just one that I know who died for the sake of all - including the enemy.
What this means is that you and I do not have to be perfect or pure in order for Jesus to love us. Jesus loves us first and then, in response to this radical acceptance of God’s love, we cannot help but change how we live and move in the world. And therein lies the overlooked reason why Jesus loves you.
Before we get to that reason, let us reflect on disciple Judas.
Judas was the misguided or even malicious disciple of Jesus who was so ashamed or distraught in his actions that he committed suicide. This disciple could not see any way out, he was so lost that he thought he had to be perfect or clean before Jesus would love him. Judas missed the point entirely and as a result is now the name we call people who are among the worst of the worst. So much so that in Dante’s telling of Hell, the fourth round in the lowest circle of Hell is called Judecca - and it is reserved for the traitors to lords/benefactors/masters.
It takes a lot of courage to love the traitor. It takes a lot of grace to see the on who betrays you is also a child of God. It takes a lot of mercy to overcome the hate harbored toward the one who betrays our trust. One might even say it takes divine love.
You and I are able to love family, friends, and even neighbors just fine without the help of Jesus. Jesus loves you so that you have the courage, grace and mercy to love the one who betrays you.
Jesus loves you so that you can love Judas.
And if that is not a humbling thought, don’t forget that someone probably thinks you are Judas.
Hating the New Thing in a Different Way
Loving people as they are seems like a rather straightforward idea. However, for the most part, it seems that we love people as they are but we also expect they will change. Specifically they will change that thing that we do not love. We might love our children, but expect they will grow out of some unfavorable behavior (like throwing tantrums). We might love our parents, but expect they will grow out of treating us like we are perpetually ten years old. We might love our partner, but expect that over the years they will change and put the dang seat down!
We might even love God, but expect God to change in how God interacts with the world (like eliminate sin).
The thing about loving people as they are but expecting them to change is that we will never love them.
If the person you love changes in the way that you would hope they would change, then you will find some other feature about that person that you wish they would change. It is an endless cycle. We will not be able to love them because we will end up hating the new thing they become in a different way.
You child grows out of throwing tantrums, but now they repress their emotions and you wish they would change that. Your parents treat you as an adult, but now they are pressing you to have children of your own, and you hate that. Your partner finally puts the seat down, but now you are annoyed that they let dishes “soak” for three days!
Even when God eliminates sin, God now welcomes the former sinner into the kingdom and you wish that God would see that “those people” are freeloading on forgiveness.
We are faced with the paradox to love people as they are and not expect them to change, or never loving them at all.
Be the change by Jason Valendy is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.